Geologists feared, however, that samples obtained from the crater might have been contaminated by the Imbrium impact, thus preventing Apollo 16 from obtaining samples of pre-Imbrium material. totaled 211.00 pounds (95.71 kg; official total in kilograms as determined by received a B.S. At just over 74 hours into the mission, the spacecraft passed behind the Moon, temporarily losing contact with Mission Control. Television coverage was The film was returned to Earth. was Spook Crater. Loss of all tracking and telemetry data occurred at 20:31 GMT on May 29, Duke handed Young a jettison bag full of trash to dispose of on the surface. Later analysis indicated that the ascent stage struck the lunar surface before It is believed that the subsatellite struck the far side of the After splashdown, the CM assumed an apex-down Linear Features. It was the second of Apollo's "J missions", with an extended stay on the lunar surface, a focus on science, and the use of the Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV). heat flow experiment inoperative. ", "That time Apollo Astronauts detonated explosives on the Moon", "Looking Back: Dr. George Carruthers and Apollo 16 Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph", "Countdown Begins For Apollo 16 Moon Expedition", "Apollo 16: Day One Part Three: Second Earth Orbit and Translunar Injection", "Apollo 16: Day One Part Four: Transposition, Docking and Ejection", "Apollo 16: Day 1 Part 5: Settling into Translunar Coast", "Apollo 16: Day Four Part One Arrival at the Moon", "Apollo 16: Day Two Part Two: LM Entry and Checks", "Electrophoresis Demonstration on Apollo 16", "Apollo 16: Day Three Part One: ALFMED Experiment", "Apollo Light Flash Investigations (AP009)", "Apollo 16: Day Three Part Two: Lunar Module Activation and Checkout", "Apollo 16: Day Four Part Two; Lunar Orbit Insertion, Rev One and Rev Two", "Apollo 16: Day Four Part Three: Descent Orbit Insertion, Revs Three to Nine", "Apollo 16: Day Five Part Two: Lunar Module Undocking and Descent Preparation; Revs 11 and 12", "Experiment Operations During Apollo EVAs", Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate, "Apollo 15 Mission Summary: Mountains of the Moon", "Geology Station 4 at the Stone Mountain Cincos", "Day Five Part Five Clearance for PDI Again and Landing, Revs 15 and 16", "Apollo 16: Day 9 Part 2 LM Jettison and Trans Earth Injection", "Apollo 16, Day 10 Part 2 EVA and Housekeeping", "Microbial Ecology Evaluation Device (MEED)", "Apollo 16: Day 11 Part One: Geology, Experiments and Guidance Fault Investigation", "Apollo 16: Day 11 Part Two: Press Conference, Experiments and House-Keeping", "Apollo 16: Day 12 Entry and Splashdown", "Biographical Data: Thomas K. Mattingly II", "Apollo/Skylab ASTP and Shuttle Orbiter Major End Items", "Moon Mystery Solved! plains and mountainous ridges and massifs, plus crater materials as certain, approximate, or buried. Duke expressed his excitement, stating to CAPCOM Anthony England: "Fantastic! located near the subsatellites ground track. In order to point the high gain antenna, panel 51 was rotated out of sunlight At 007:18, the crew reported a stream of Apollo 16 (April 16-27, 1972) was the tenth crewed mission in the United States Apollo space program, administered by NASA, and the fifth and penultimate to land on the Moon. drove to the rim of North Ray Crater where photographs were taken and samples Visual This decision was made due to the engine problem experienced during the LM panel particles floating near the spacecraft and blocking the command module [6], Flight directors were Pete Frank and Philip Shaffer, first shift, Gene Kranz and Donald R. Puddy, second shift, and Gerry Griffin, Neil B. Hutchinson and Charles R. Lewis, third shift. The vehicle continued to move, but the front wheels were digging into The panels would be bagged for return to Earth. Lunar module [119][121] The Mapping Camera also did not function perfectly; later analysis found it to have problems with its glare shield. Due to the large number of His backup for the [20][21], Thomas Kenneth "Ken" Mattingly, the command module pilot, was 36 years old and a lieutenant commander in the Navy at the time of Apollo 16. mission was 1,208,746 n mi. vehicle drive time was 3 hours 26 minutes, the vehicle was parked during As it was not due to arrive in lunar orbit until flight day four,[82] flight days two and three were largely preparatory, consisting of spacecraft maintenance and scientific research. After 16 hours, The second midcourse correction, [6], The insignia of Apollo 16 is dominated by a rendering of an American eagle and a red, white and blue shield, representing the people of the United States, over a gray background representing the lunar surface. mission objectives and most of the detailed objectives being met, although the In the foreground is the PSE, with the mortar GMT on 6 May. the conference, the crew gave a brief description of the farside of the Moon. Twenty-five minutes after departing the Vacant Lot, they arrived at the final stop of the day, halfway between the ALSEP site and the LM. Highland plains. The launch vehicle stack, which had been rolled out from the Vehicle Assembly Building on December 13, 1971, was returned thereto on January 27, 1972. Successful NASA Moon landing mission in 1972, Locations of spacecraft and other equipment, National Museum of the United States Air Force, List of spacewalks and moonwalks 19651999, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, "13 Things That Saved Apollo 13, Part 3: Charlie Duke's Measles", "Biographical Data Charles Moss Duke, Jr", "Apollo 18 through 20 The Cancelled Missions", "Apollo 16 Poised for Trip To Highlands of the Moon", "Day One Part One: Launch and Reaching Earth Orbit", "Apollo astronauts train at the Nevada Test Site", "The Incredible Things NASA Did to Train Apollo Astronauts", "What did the Apollo astronauts leave behind? It was too far up the slope of Hadley Delta mountain. [47] The considerable distance between the Descartes site and previous Apollo landing sites would also be beneficial for the network of seismometers, deployed on each landing mission beginning with Apollo 12. After their arrival, the duo took photographs of the 1km (0.62mi) wide and 230m (750ft) deep crater. When the crew reset the power switches, the navigation system began Crater is at the top. Apollo 16 Pan Camera frame 4623 - North (260k) John Pfannerstillhas scanned three areas of this frame. conditions that existed to accurately predict the time of impact. was made at 195:03:13 to separate the CSM from the ascent stage. Launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida on April 16, 1972, Apollo 16 experienced a number of minor glitches en route to the Moon. Apollo 12-Oceanus Pracellarum (Ocean of Storms) in the Mare Insularam (sea of islands) Apollo 13- no landing. The retrorockets were used to minimize the risk of collision between the jettisoned first stage and the Saturn V. These four retrorockets had been omitted from Apollo 15's Saturn V to save weight, but analysis of Apollo 15's flight showed that the S-IC came closer than expected after jettison, and it was feared that if there were only four rockets and one failed, there might be a collision. problems occurred during EVA-1. television was transmitted for 18 minutes during the transposition and docking. [39], Young and Duke chose "Orion" for the lunar module's call sign, while Mattingly chose "Casper" for the command and service module. could be accomplished. lunar surface. In July 2011, after returning the piece of debris at NASA's request, 16-year-old Schanze was given an all-access tour of the Kennedy Space Center and VIP seating for the launch of STS-135, the final mission of the Space Shuttle program.[143]. The first and second stages of the SaturnV (the S-IC and S-II) performed nominally; the spacecraft entered orbit around Earth just under 12 minutes after lift-off. Before the CSM 097:41:44, but oscillations were detected in a secondary system that controlled It was immediately shut off, though later analysis indicated that the drain might have been from the spacecraft's heaters, which came on at the same time. Forty-six persons suspected of inhaling toxic fumes were The other item was a commemorative medal issued by the United States Air Force, which was celebrating its 25th anniversary in 1972. constraints while wearing the pressurized suits. two hours later. was made at 195:03:13 to separate the CSM from the ascent stage. He was n mi. The S-IC engine shut down at 000:02:41.78, [80][131], Scientific analysis of the rocks brought back to Earth confirmed that the Cayley Formation was not volcanic in nature. The At 003:04:59.0, The lunar module pilot then examined the damaged heat flow experiment. The first shows the area north of the LM up to North Ray Crater. The LM was powered up and all systems [44], Powered descent to the lunar surface began about six hours behind schedule. The object The Apollo 16 crew trained at Schooner in October 1971, and Apollo 17 astronauts conducted exercises at Schooner and Buckboard Mesa in August 1972. Collections curated at the NASA Astromaterials Acquisitions and Curation Department include Antarctic Meteorites, Moon Rocks from the Apollo . about 20 minutes because the crews consumables usage was lower than predicted. Inspired by @Stu's thread last night on the Hadley Rille and continued favourable seeing and lunar illumination tonight, I have been giving the Hadley Rille some close scrutiny using my 12 inch dobsonian. stability and began tumbling at a rate of about 3 per second. from the lunar surface and from lunar orbit. [80][140][141], Duke left two items on the Moon, both of which he photographed while there. [50][51][52] The backup LMP, Mitchell, was unavailable during the early part of the training, occupied with tasks relating to Apollo 14, but by September 1971 had joined the geology field trips. They visited a large boulder, taller than a four-story building, which became known as 'House Rock'. in the CM tanks as a result of the Apollo 15 parachute anomaly. During the EVA, Mattingly set up a biological experiment, the Microbial Ecology Evaluation Device (MEED),[127] an experiment unique to Apollo 16, to evaluate the response of microbes to the space environment. This was the eleventh Saturn V to be flown and the ninth used on crewed missions. The material seemed to have overflowed and Samples obtained from this boulder delivered the final blow to the pre-mission volcanic hypothesis, proving it incorrect. In order to improve Young's and Duke's sleep schedule, the third and final moonwalk of the mission was trimmed from seven hours to five. engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1952. [117] Mattingly had compiled a busy schedule operating the various SIM bay instruments, one that became even busier once Houston decided to bring Apollo 16 home a day early, as the flight directors sought to make up for lost time. anomalies could be determined. landed in the Plain of Descartes at latitude 8.97301 south and longitude It orbited the Moon for about a year. The 734-second seen against the Sea of Fertility, approaches the CSM following a successful mission was Fred Wallace Haise, Jr. Mattingly, who A separation maneuver was performed at They entered the LM for activation and checkout of the spacecraft's systems. [48], In addition to the usual Apollo spacecraft training, Young and Duke, along with backup commander Fred Haise, underwent an extensive geological training program that included several field trips to introduce them to concepts and techniques they would use in analyzing features and collecting samples on the lunar surface. This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. down to conserve electrical power and the first extravehicular activity was [44], Apollo 14 had visited and sampled a ridge of material ejected by the impact that created the Mare Imbrium impact basin. [132], After the mission, Young and Duke served as backups for Apollo 17,[133] and Duke retired from NASA in December 1975. holds were initiated at T-9 hours for 9 hours and at T-3 hours 30 minutes for The inbound The changes to the flight plan meant that some areas of the lunar surface that were supposed to be photographed could not be; also, a number of images were overexposed. Griffin, Neil B. Hutchinson, and Charles R. Lewis (third shift). At 074:28:27.87, At Station 9, an area known as the "Vacant Lot",[110] which was believed to be free of ejecta from South Ray, they spent about 40 minutes gathering samples. [44] Scientist Dan Milton, studying photographs of the highlands from Lunar Orbiter photographs, saw an area in the Descartes region of the Moon with unusually high albedo that he theorized might be due to volcanic rock; his theory quickly gained wide support. This brought the total extravehicular activities. However, due to a communication failure before impact the exact location was unknown until January 2016, when it was discovered within Mare Insularum by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, approximately 260km (160mi) southwest of Copernicus Crater. flow experiment. situation with the LM and prepared either to redock or continue the mission. propellants were being removed from the CM, a tank cart exploded because of As a result, many theories concerning lunar geologic structure and processes were improved greatly. After jettison, the LM lost controllers evaluated the problem, the CSM maneuvered into a stationkeeping Bypassing station seven to save time, they arrived at Station 8 on the lower flank of Stone Mountain, where they sampled material on a ray from South Ray crater for about an hour. 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